The **HRS-14-R** is a specific model of a **Miniature Rotary Coded Switch** manufactured by **Nidec Components** (formerly Copal Electronics). These components are primarily used on printed circuit boards (PCBs) to set configurations or addresses manually. --- ## 1. Technical Specifications Below are the core electrical and mechanical characteristics of the HRS-14-R: | Feature | Specification | | :--- | :--- | | **Code Type** | Real Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) | | **Number of Positions** | 10 Positions (0-9) | | **Actuator Style** | Recessed Slot (Rotary) | | **Mounting Type** | Surface Mount (SMD) | | **Voltage Rating** | 5V DC (Switching) / 50V DC (Non-switching) | | **Current Rating** | 100mA | | **Operating Temperature** | -40°C to +85°C | --- ## 2. Key Internal Electronic Parts The device is a mechanical-to-digital interface consisting of the following elements: ### A. The Rotor & Contact Brush The rotor is the physical dial that the user turns. On its underside, it features a **metal brush (wiper)**. As the rotor turns, the brush slides across a gold-plated pattern on the base. ### B. The Code Disk (PCB/Base) The base contains a specific trace pattern. In the case of the **14-R** model, this pattern is designed for **Real Code**: * **Common Terminal (C):** The input signal. * **Output Terminals (1, 2, 4, 8):** These represent the binary bits. * Depending on the rotor position, the brush shorts the "Common" pin to specific combinations of the 1, 2, 4, and 8 pins to create a decimal value. ### C. Housing & Materials * **Contacts:** Usually gold-plated to prevent oxidation and ensure low contact resistance. * **Casing:** Heat-resistant plastic (Polyphenylene Sulfide) to withstand SMT reflow soldering temperatures. --- ## 3. Truth Table (Real Code) The electronic output follows this logic based on the dial position: | Dial Position | Pin 1 | Pin 2 | Pin 4 | Pin 8 | | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | | **0** | OFF | OFF | OFF | OFF | | **1** | **ON** | OFF | OFF | OFF | | **2** | OFF | **ON** | OFF | OFF | | **3** | **ON** | **ON** | OFF | OFF | | **...** | ... | ... | ... | ... | | **9** | **ON** | OFF | OFF | **ON** | --- ## 4. Typical Application Circuit When connecting this switch to a microcontroller (like an Arduino or ESP32), pull-up resistors are required because the switch only "closes" the circuit. ```cpp // Example: Reading the HRS-14-R binary value int pin1 = 2; // Connect to Switch Pin 1 int pin2 = 3; // Connect to Switch Pin 2 int pin4 = 4; // Connect to Switch Pin 4 int pin8 = 5; // Connect to Switch Pin 8 void setup() { pinMode(pin1, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(pin2, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(pin4, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(pin8, INPUT_PULLUP); } ``` ---