SAFC161RI datasheet(14/60 Pages) SIEMENS

14 / 60 page

Semiconductor Group

1998-05-01

C161RI

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The main core of the CPU consists of a 4-stage instruction pipeline, a 16-bit arithmetic and logic unit

(ALU) and dedicated SFRs. Additional hardware has been spent for a separate multiply and divide

unit, a bit-mask generator and a barrel shifter.

Based on these hardware provisions, most of the C161RI’s instructions can be executed in just one

machine cycle which requires 125 ns at 16 MHz CPU clock. For example, shift and rotate

instructions are always processed during one machine cycle independent of the number of bits to

be shifted. All multiple-cycle instructions have been optimized so that they can be executed very fast

as well: branches in 2 cycles, a 16

× 16 bit multiplication in 5 cycles and a 32-/16 bit division in

10 cycles. Another pipeline optimization, the so-called ‘Jump Cache’, allows reducing the execution

time of repeatedly performed jumps in a loop from 2 cycles to 1 cycle.

Figure 5

CPU Block Diagram

MCB02147

CPU

STKOV

STKUN

Instr. Reg.

Instr. Ptr.

Exec. Unit

4-Stage

Pipeline

MDH

MDL

PSW

SYSCON

Context Ptr.

Mul/Div-HW

R15

General

Purpose

Registers

Bit-Mask Gen

Barrel - Shifter

ALU

(16-bit)

Data Page Ptr.

Code Seg. Ptr.

Internal

RAM

R15

ROM

BUSCON 0

BUSCON 1

BUSCON 2

BUSCON 3

BUSCON 4

ADDRSEL 4

ADDRSEL 3

ADDRSEL 2

ADDRSEL 1

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