XRT75VL00D datasheet(55/92 Pages) EXAR

55 / 92 page

XRT75VL00D

REV. 1.0.3

E3/DS3/STS-1 LINE INTERFACE UNIT WITH SONET DESYNCHRONIZER

• Telcordia GR-253-CORE’s recommendation on mapping DS3 data into an STS-1 SPE

An STS-1 frame is a data-structure that consists of 810 bytes (or 6480 bits). A given STS-1 frame can be

viewed as being a 9 row by 90 byte column array (making up the 810 bytes). The frame-repetition rate (for an

STS-1 frame) is 8000 frames/second. Therefore, the bit-rate for an STS-1 signal is (6480 bits/frame * 8000

frames/sec =) 51.84Mbps.

A simple illustration of this SONET STS-1 frame is presented below in Figure 31.

Figure 31 indicates that the very first byte of a given STS-1 frame (to be transmitted or received) is located in

the extreme upper left hand corner of the 90 column by 9 row array, and that the very last byte of a given STS-

1 frame is located in the extreme lower right-hand corner of the frame structure. Whenever a Network Element

transmits a SONET STS-1 frame, it starts by transmitting all of the data, residing within the top row of the STS-

1 frame structure (beginning with the left-most byte, and then transmitting the very next byte, to the right). After

the Network Equipment has completed its transmission of the top or first row, it will then proceed to transmit the

second row of data (again starting with the left-most byte, first). Once the Network Equipment has transmitted

the last byte of a given STS-1 frame, it will proceed to start transmitting the very next STS-1 frame.

The illustration of the STS-1 frame (in Figure 31) is very simplistic, for multiple reasons. One major reason is

that the STS-1 frame consists of numerous types of bytes. For the sake of discussion within this data sheet,

the STS-1 frame will be described as consisting of the following types (or groups) of bytes.

• The Transport Overheads (or TOH) Bytes

• The Envelope Capacity Bytes

9.2.1.1.1

The Transport Overhead (TOH) Bytes

The Transport Overhead or TOH bytes occupy the very first three (3) byte columns within each STS-1 frame.

Figure 32 presents another simple illustration of an STS-1 frame structure. However, in this case, both the

TOH and the Envelope Capacity bytes are designated in this Figure.

FIGURE 31. A SIMPLE ILLUSTRATION OF THE SONET STS-1 FRAME

STS-1 Frame (810 Bytes)

90 Bytes

9 Rows

First Byte of the STS-1 Frame

Last Byte of the STS-1 Frame

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